The internet was born on January 1st 1983, previous to this there were many various computer networks but they did not have a way to communicate that was standard. After the Internet, all of these networks could be connected by one universal language. this allowed the data which took less time to transfer the information but this was in small amounts.
ARPANET is a connection of host computers which uses a telephone line which used gateways which are considered the first routers, these are known as IMg. This works by breaking up data into bits and a process known as packet switching and allows more data to be shared between computers. this was invented by a scientist who worked for the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense in the 1960s.
the internet was introduced to the public after the creation of the World Wide Web in 1991 which allows users from a connected computer to find information and resources using URLs which are universal resource locaters, this is an address that tells the computer what resources to locate. The World Wide Web also used HTML which is hypertext markup language which is the formatting language behind a webpage. Norman was the first designer to have UX in his job title
Donald Norman a scientist working for Apple in the early 90s created the term UX as he thought that Human interface and usability were too narrow and he wanted to cover all aspects of the user experience including the physical interaction, interface, design, graphics and manual. in 1998 Norman formed the Nelson Norman group which is a pioneer in usability methods of design.
Also, Walt Disney brings the element of joy to user experience as he wants his parks to be places where the latest technology is used to improve people's lives, the theme parks are an example of user experience outside the screen but more recently it has become tech based with screens, animation and rides.
Web standards are specifications that define the World Wide Web for the development and design of webpages. websites are now made with the same standards so they are compatible across many different browsers and can be accessible for as many users as it can.
examples of web standards
Decentralisation: Anyone can post anything online without explicit permission from a governing body.
Nondiscrimination (net neutrality): The same level of communication should exist across platforms, no matter how good or bad the internet service is.
Bottom-up design: Code should be developed publicly, encouraging collaboration and experimentation.
Universality: All computers should speak the same language, no matter where they’re located or who’s controlling them.
Consensus: Everyone involved in the technical aspects of the web must agree to use web standards.
Why do we need web standards?
Having these standards helps improve the search engine results and the accessibility of the webpage. It is beneficial to use these standards for both the user and the designer/coder.