The Bauhaus was created in 1919 and was located in Weimar Germany. the Bauhaus was created by Walter Gropius who was a German architect. The Bauhaus was created to try and rebuild the German culture after the effect of WW1. The Bauhaus was revolutionary for the time as the school approach to teaching was to remove the teacher-pupil approach and have a community of artists working together which allowed the different techniques and disciplines to be combined giving a different perspective to an industrial world.
The Bauhaus was named after the German word Bau which means building and the German word haus which means house which foreshadows the new society created by the school.
these are a few examples of the techniques combined. there is a prominent use of primary colours throughout the Bauhaus such as the furniture and art.
Walter aimed to create a new way of combining arts and bringing back art into everyday life instead of the industrial world.
The Bauhaus had many different influential artists which were students and teachers these include Josef Albers, Georg Muche, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Herbert Bayer and Wassily Kandinsky.
The Bauhaus aims were to bring back art into everyday life by unifying the art, crafts and technology. The designs of the Bauhaus were very functional, and beautiful and were able to be mass-produced. the goals of the school were to create a design environment, unite artists and connect with local manufacturers.
The Bauhaus closed many times because of political tensions. The school was based in Weimar from 1919 to 1925 and then the school moved to Dessau. after the Nazis took control of the city council it closed in 1932 and was briefly reopened then there was a permanent closure of the school on April 1933 as of the nazi regime and the school was accused of having degenerate art. Degenerate art is which is art that does not follow the ideals of the Nazis.
Theo van Doesgurg was a Dutch artist and artist who created the de Stijl art movement which consisted of abstract forms and simplified visual compositions of form and colour different from the previous art created in 1922. Theo taught at the Bauhaus which attracted more students to study because of his well-known work in geometric forms. his work was different from the previous work in using the strict rule of using grids and form. Theo van Doesgurg was a designer of the new typography movement in 1917 and created typography by hand using a printing press these typefaces had a uniform style and shape. I like the use of the block colours of red blue grey yellow and black which you can see throughout his work especially when at the Bauhaus.
Wassily Kandinsky is a Russian painter who explored the themes of expressionism, degenerate art and abstract while at the Bauhaus. Kandinsky used the colour theory by using points, lines and planes. Kandinsky also used the idea of straight lines and curves to present and condense information such as music so it can be easily read.
“Colour is a means of exerting direct influence on the soul” - Kaninsky
he conveyed spirituality and human emotion throughout his art world through the use of the visual language of abstract forms. he explored the theme of how art is a non-objective art and how the musicians create a picture in the minds of the listeners with sounds rather than visually he sought to create artworks that described the sounds and emotions of the music sensation.
Herbert Bayer is an interior designer/ architect and was one of the last members of the Bauhaus. He studied under Wassily Kandinsky studying mural art . he also studied typography allowing him to create the universal alphabet which later became the typeface of the Bauhaus, this typeface only consisted of lowercase letters. Herbert Bayer began making photography and teaching typography are the Bauhaus.
